Personalities that left an important mark in history, were the cause of political transformations, and created progressive changes have always been of great interest. The success phenomenon of national leader Heydar Aliyev is a phenomenon that is appreciated, studied and will be studied for a long time by many political figures and psychologists of the world. The great leader himself expressed this opinion in one of his interviews: ‘People definitely need personalities. It cannot be without personalities’. His own life proved how true these words are.

Heydar Aliyev was able to overcome foreign pressures in Soviet Azerbaijan, ruled by a huge dictatorship like the USSR, and become a statesman and national leader accepted by the world.

In June 1993, when Azerbaijan was faced with a "life-death" dilemma, given the complexity of the situation, other leaders could not have penetrated the situation. Heydar Aliyev's policy, the ability to foresee and see the development course of history, the ability to make flexible decisions, and his genius made it possible for him to penetrate this situation. He was such a person who had long mastered all political collisions and nuances, the ability to manage the situation. Throughout his life spent in long-term intense struggles, he managed to realistically assess the situation and convince the masses.

The ability to correctly assess the situation, to measure the capabilities of both himself and the state he leads in the conditions of current realities, and to always act on the basis of real possibilities is one of the main qualities that characterize Heydar Aliyev. He himself says about this: ‘Whoever makes claims beyond his knowledge and ability, he always loses.’ However, not everyone has the ability to correctly assess their own knowledge and skills. A sign of wisdom manifested itself at this point. Directing all efforts to problems that can be solved, regardless of the degree of difficulty, being persistent in one's position and showing willpower were a specific feature of Heydar Aliyev. Despite the difficulties, Heydar Aliyev brought Azerbaijan safely through the waves of a very complicated time and earned a worthy place both in the region and in the world. Of course, a political leader with ordinary psychological and intellectual abilities could not do this. To realize these things, it was necessary to have phenomenal abilities like Heydar Aliyev.

The political decisions made by Heydar Aliyev on the stage of history and in the course of events created conditions for the implementation of great works not only for our republic, but also for the development of the region.

Based on different criteria, different types of leaders can be distinguished. According to their scale, they distinguish political leaders, national leaders, leaders belonging to a certain class, this or that social class. In the study of political leadership, it is of great importance to inculcate its motives, to study its moral and intellectual aspects, its moral values and its most basic strategy. From this point of view, national leader Heydar Aliyev's strategy and way of achieving the set goals is a rare example of political leadership.

The study of the political fate of Heydar Aliyev showed that modern political leadership is, first of all, an unusual natural intuition organically combined with organizational ability. The ability to form a team, strengthen it, define goals, set necessary tasks for society, create a program that unites society - these are the modern requirements for a politician.

The great leader Heydar Aliyev explained the real situation and the results that could be achieved without making impossible promises to the people. In general, Heydar Aliyev remained in the memory of the Azerbaijani people as a founding and savior statesman, a national leader and a leader who won the people's love. A national leader is distinguished by the fact that he takes responsibility and applies it to life in moments of death, when there is no time for thinking and delay, when a single correct decision is necessary. In this sense, the national leader is a bright personality who is always distinguished by his courage, flexible and rational decisions, and the ability to find the optimal way out in the most difficult situations. A national leader has his own vision, his own conception of what society should ultimately be, and he influences social development according to his conception. The mutual relationship between him and the people has an emotional-mystical character. Such a leader makes changes in power due to great difficulties. It is the historic mission of the national leader to foresee that what the majority or everyone thinks is wrong, to save the society from a serious trouble and tragedy by preventing it, to mobilize the people and follow them to the end, and to make them bearers of their ideas. To see what no one else can see, to discover and to make decisions accordingly and to implement them decisively is a characteristic characteristic of a genius historical figure. The bitter experience of the 90s showed that a national leader cannot be limited only to the qualities we mentioned. The phenomenon of genius, creativity, political will, courage, sincerity, celebration of justice, etc. are noted here. such aspects should also be taken into consideration. It became clear that Heydar Aliyev has new qualities of a national leader. In these conditions, where the power has not yet been consolidated, the country's forced involvement in the war, attempts at coups d'état in the country, and their prevention were, of course, extremely difficult and required genius from the national leader. In addition to all this, the pressures on our republic, the 907th amendment of the American Congress, Russia's patronage of Armenia, Iran's frequent violations of our country's territorial integrity, lack of adequate attitude towards our country in the international world, etc. Such situations required the national leader to strive to achieve his goal, but also to have qualities such as the ability to withstand possible pressures, tolerance to stress, and emotional tension. Heydar Aliyev was almost a set of qualities belonging to national leaders. Even the new qualities of national leaders appeared in his personality. He began to play an important role in the regulation of political events not only in our republic, but also in individual countries.

The great leader not only preserved and protected our statehood, but also managed to convince the world community of the perspective of comprehensive cooperation with modernized Azerbaijan. The fact that national leader Heydar Aliyev brought innovation to the traditions of national statehood is a clear example of the fact that he is also a statesman and a genius, unlike individual political leaders. ‘Even revolutionary changes do not immediately replace the old system with a new one. ‘Revolutionary changes usually destroy the old system, but it takes time, years to create a system that is very different from it.’ Therefore, a national leader must also have the ability to foresee and predict the course of history. In such a case, the creative qualities of the personality also come to the fore. Having information about statehood and even realizing it in one's own personal experience is one of the most important qualities of a national leader.

The analysis of the psychological portrait of Heydar Aliyev is of great importance. National leader Heydar Aliyev occupies an exceptional place among political leaders with his psychological qualities and political thinking. First of all, because his psychological qualities are complemented by his political activity, the results of his activity are of universal importance.

His ability to communicate, his ability to stimulate people's activities, his principled position, his ability to predict events and act accordingly show that he is superior to genius psychologists. All in all, his personality was contagious.

Heydar Aliyev, who kept the national, spiritual, moral and human ideas alive in his mind, was an irreplaceable personality due to his strong understanding, strong memory function, integrity of convictions, skillful use of the power and strength of the mind, deep intelligence, and comprehensive range of knowledge.

National leader Heydar Aliyev's transformation into one of the most outstanding world leaders can only be attributed to his personal qualities, self-awareness, adequate self-evaluation, high intellectual ability, flexibility in his personal opinions, the ability to use the upbringing and training he received when necessary, the ability, responsibility, people it was related to having the ability to convince.

The great leader is known not only as an orator-diplomat, but also as a psychologist-politician who chooses every feather. It was not everyone's skill to speak at the level that the people, every citizen of the country, understood what he heard exactly as it was addressed to him, to create a desire to share his problems with him with special sensitivity.

In addition to the ability to choose the pain of everyone, he also had the ability to feel the smallest changes in the personality's mood, the inner world of people and empathize with people. This is one of the clear indicators that the great leader is a phenomenal personality. Psychological facts show that in every case, a person's character and qualities emerge in difficult situations. Even though Heydar Aliyev encountered various extreme conditions, he came out of this situation with his sharp and flexible intelligence and endurance. His goal-oriented activity, mobilization of his own internal capabilities, ability to act rationally in a stressful situation, control events, and direct them.

During the tragedy of January 20, 1990, when Heydar Aliyev was in the worst situation of his people, he put himself in danger, went to the Azerbaijani representative office in Moscow and expressed his protest, not shying away from all pressures, once again proved that he is a completely independent and psychologically stable politician. The course of events showed that cognitive elements are united with creative elements in the personality of the great leader. Ignoring the political interests of various countries could lead to undesirable results for Azerbaijan.

From a political-psychological point of view, the head of state's creative qualities and creative behavior have a negative impact on his decision-making. However, the analysis of historical facts and political events showed that the great leader's creative behavior did not prevent him from making the right decision. Even the political opponents who criticized the great leader at some points were finally forced to admit how correct and important decisions he made for the people. The fact that Heydar Aliyev gives opinions and opinions as an expert on various fields in separate meetings proves that he has a phenomenal outlook. Thanks to many rare innate qualities that nature gave him, Heydar Aliyev, as a visionary personality, could determine the course of historical events in advance. When decisions of great importance for national history were made, he demonstrated a true patriotism and was able to act decisively. Based on unwavering logic, his reports and interviews with an unusually great influence are a clear expression of the depth of Heydar Aliyev's philosophical and political outlook. Even though the great leader faced great pressures during his first administration of Azerbaijan, he was able to form a complete understanding of the historical past, national identity, language, culture, national traditions and thought system in the people with his persistent activity without taking any risks. The most significant indicator of the Heydar Aliyev phenomenon's long-term leadership of Azerbaijan is precisely the fundamental principles such as the immense rise of the Azerbaijani ideology, the national spirit, the development of national self-awareness, and the return of the nation's historical memory to itself.

The positivity of each political leader's activity is measured by his result. From a psychological point of view, the effectiveness of its activity depends very much on its purpose, motives and personality's attitude towards it. In this regard, the activity of the great leader Heydar Aliyev goes far beyond the borders of Azerbaijan in terms of its importance. At the same time, the psychological qualities of a political leader are not only manifested in his behavior, political will, judgment ability, but also in state building, state management mechanism, tactics and strategy. That is, by integrating Heydar Aliyev's psychological qualities, personality traits, and management ability, he turned him into a great leader.

It is thanks to the phenomenal leadership qualities of Ilham Aliyev that we Azerbaijanis won the fight against the negative manifestations of the times. As a result of the incomparable bravery of the heroic Azerbaijani army under the leadership of Commander-in-Chief Muzaffar, our occupied lands were liberated in a short period of time, and our state sovereignty was fully established as a result of a successful local anti-terrorist operation. Ilham Aliyev showed the whole world that the people of Azerbaijan never forget their friends as well as the traitors who did evil and betrayed them. It showed that our nation has enough moral strength and invincible spirit to restore its insulted feelings and trampled dignity in addition to returning its historical lands.